This phenomenon is related vocabulary selection made by the author to optimize the quality of your text.
Within it we can recognize:
a) Repetition: is the repetition of the same word in a text. This resource is used for several reasons: to highlight the importance of the issue to the attention of the receiver on that concept, to insist on the concept.
b) Synonymy: the issuer employs synonyms or phrases that have the same meaning. Used to avoid repeating the same word.
c) antonyms: is the use of words or phrases in the opposite direction.
d) Hiperonimia: is chosen to repeat a concept, a word of wider reference.
Ex: They gave me roses . Then I put the flowers in water.
As we see, flowers have a broader reference to roses, because it includes not only roses, but also to daisies, violets, gladioli, etc.
e) hyponymy: is the opposite. To repeat a concept is chosen word concerning restricted.
Ex: I like the sport . So I practice football and I walk every morning
f) Chain cohesive: has to do with those words that belong to the semantic field of the text. In a chronic police, for example, the cohesive chain consists of words like "crime", "suspect", "theft", "theft", "murder", etc.
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