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direct and indirect speech acts

Speech acts

Topics

need to know and are related: Communication

Communicative competence

What are called "speech acts"?

Speech acts are actions or things we can do with words.

What things can be done with words? ...

This theme highlights the importance of words for people. Although some believe that words are useless and serve no purpose, the truth is that words are crucial in building a just, harmonious and balanced, as they can, unfortunately, building a society unsafe, violent and aggressive.

What things can we do with words? When we speak we are "acting" somehow in the environment in which we operate. "By issuing a text perform a social act" (1) because what we say (and so do not say) affects the other. When we can encourage or discourage, praise or belittle, confuse or blend ideas, accept or reject, request, order, etc..

We can identify four major types of speech acts, which describes the intention to manifest.

Types	Intent	Example
Assertive	Provide information	A letter arrived Joseph.
Interrogative	Learn	Did letter from Joseph?
Expressive	express our subjectivity	so good, I got news.
Steering	Getting the recipient to make something	Jose, write me.

(1) van Dijk, Teun "Science Paidós text-1992-Barcelona (Spain)